What is a textile fabric? Textile fabric types and basic concepts

Since humans entered a civilized society, they have known how to use skins, leaves, bark, and other stitched skins to cover the body, protect against the cold, prevent heatstroke, or dress up. At the time, these hides and skins worn by people, or the materials used to sew garments, such as terry and rattan, were the earliest textile materials.

With the progress of human society and the development of science and technology, people are demanding more and more clothing. Textile fabrics made of natural fibers such as cotton, linen, wool, and silk, as well as polyester, polyamide, acrylic, polypropylene, vinylon Synthetic fibers such as vinyl acetate, spandex and spandex, and synthetic fibers such as viscose and acetate have been emerging as raw materials. With the development of textile fabrics, the styles and types of clothing are constantly changing. The effect of clothing on the body's shrinkage is not simply to cover the body, keep warm, and prevent heat, but to meet the human body in different occasions, different Different requirements under climatic conditions.

The good properties that textile fabrics must have

1. Good appearance

Textile fabrics must be able to meet the ever-increasing aesthetic demands of people. That is to say, it has elegant luster, comfortable touch, fabric dyeability, clothes formability and Xingtai's high maintainability. It must be able to express individuality, hobbies, aesthetic light, and quality culture to achieve beautiful appearance and inner comfort. The demand for popularity is compelling.

2. Good health care performance

Textile fabrics must meet the needs of human health care and protect the body. That is, it has excellent heat preservation or heat dissipation, heat conduction, air permeability, moisture absorption, moisture conduction, anti-radiation, release of contamination, water release, fire prevention, anti-toxicity and other properties, anti-skin stimulation, unrestrained feeling, and free movement. In addition, the weight is suitable.

3. Economical and practical

Textile fabrics must satisfy people's etiquette, friendship, morality, ethics, customs, habits and other requirements, and be suitable for activities, recuperation, sports and entertainment, and improve the quality of life. That is, it is soft, comfortable, sweat-absorbent, breathable, practical, etc., wet strength, durable and easy to maintain.

Textile fabric types and basic concepts

Textile fabric refers to a soft sheet made from various materials by using textile fibers as raw materials. The fabrics are mainly organic woven fabrics, knitted fabrics and non-woven fabrics.

Woven fabrics refer to yarns (warp, weft) that have two systems arranged perpendicular to each other, and weaving products in a criss-cross pattern on a re-weaving machine in accordance with certain laws.

Knitted fabric refers to a product made by bending the knitting needles of one or a thick yarn re-knitting machine to form a loop and putting them in series. Including knitted fabrics and shaped clothing products.

Non-woven fabrics have "non-woven fabrics" and "non-woven fabrics", which refer to the direct laying of short fibers or filaments into a web without a traditional textile process, or the laying of layers into yarns through mechanical or chemical processing. Linked sheets.

At present, woven and knitted fabrics are the most widely used products with the highest output, especially in the re-garment field. Non-woven fabrics are mainly used in the fields of industry, construction, medical care, and hygiene. In recent years, some of them are used for clothing production.

Comparison of woven and knitted fabrics

Woven fabrics and knitted fabrics are the most important textile fabrics. Due to the different construction methods, the structure, production process, performance, and purpose of use are different.

Organizational structure

Woven fabrics are made by interweaving perpendicular warp and weft yarns; knitted fabrics are made by stitching each other, and the basic components are continuous coils. Judging that these two types of fabrics can not rely solely on appearance. Some fabrics look like knitted fabrics, but there are no coils. Some fabrics are like woven fabrics, but they are all made of coils. Therefore, it should be judged based on whether the constituent elements of the fabric are curved coils or vertically interwoven yarns.

The yarns in the mechanism fabric are closely linked, structurally pleasing, and have good shape stability. The knitted fabric, due to the curved structure of the coil, makes it more flexible, looser in structure, and more easily deformable.

Production process

1. The production process of woven fabrics is slow and the output is low. The production process of knitted fabrics is short, fast, and high in yield.

2. The mechanism fabrics require good strength of the yarns. Generally, the twists are larger than those of the knitting yarns. In most cases, the warp yarns need to be sizing. The knitting yarns are generally soft and uniform.

3. Knitting machines can directly produce shaped products or semi-formed products, greatly reducing the cutting and sewing process and increasing productivity; woven fabrics must be cut and sewn to make garments.

Taking performance

1. Woven fabrics have high strength, wear resistance, and good dimensional stability; knitted fabrics are easy to whip, fluff, curl, and disperse.

2. The mechanism fabric is stiffer, and the softness and drapability are not as good as those of knitted fabrics; the wrinkle resistance and extensibility of knitted fabrics are better than those of woven fabrics.

3. The stretchability, softness, and porosity of knitted fabrics make the knitted fabric feel unconstrained when worn, and some of them fit well with body contours, that is, fit and comfort.

Uses

Woven fabrics are versatile and versatile. In addition to the user's various clothing, a large number of pages are used in indoor diamonds and industrial and agricultural production. Knitted fabrics are particularly suitable for the production of underwear, tights, sportswear, etc. due to their softness, elasticity, and good fit. Socks, gloves, sweaters and other forming product pages are made of knitted fabrics. At present, knitted fabrics are also widely used in outerwear and used with woven fabrics and leather. Woven fabrics facilitate the production of home clothing, and knitted fabrics require special equipment for sewing. The woven fabrics and knitted fabrics have their own merits. When they are used, they can be analyzed and selected according to the wearing requirements, clothing styles, fabric characteristics, and sewing techniques.

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