Jade carving: Jade is a kind of existence, jade carving is life!

The archaeological community has always believed that in the Hemudu culture period of 5,000 BC, jade articles such as jade and jade beads have appeared in China, which is the oldest jade culture in human history. However, nowadays, there are three chopping shovel made of jade material from Xiuyan Laoyugou, which was unearthed 45 km southeast of Haishan, Anshan, Liaoning Province. It is more than 12,000 years ago. This shows that China’s The jade was first formed from the construction to the grinding to the honing. The appearance of this jade can only show the age of jade sharing on the Chinese land more than 10,000 years ago. It is in this long process. People have discovered the characteristics of jade, beautiful colors and tough qualities. They have been stripped from stone-based materials and become a special material to make specific instruments.

There are many varieties of jade carvings, mainly including large-scale works such as figures, utensils, birds, beasts and flowers, as well as small pieces such as pins, rings, seals and ornaments. Chinese jade carving works enjoy a high reputation in the world. In 2008, Jade Carving was selected as the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage.

During the simple jade carving period, the Yangshao culture of Dahe Village in Zhengzhou was 5,000 years old. There were two turquoise fish-shaped ornaments in the unearthed cultural relics; the green pines, turquoise frogs and frogs were unearthed in Xinyi City; the jade and green of the Yin Ruins in Anyang, Henan Province were unearthed. Turquoise, agate and other accessories, in Zhengzhou, there is a embossed stringed bone ring is the oldest and most perfect ring. More jade carvings include jade axe, jade shovel and jade knives, mainly based on production tools; jade wall, jade, jade and jade beads with simple form are mainly jade.

玉雕,玉石

There have been worshipping the heavenly jade wall, the sacrifice of the land, the jade, the jade, the seal, the jade, the jade, etc., and the jade is more, it is a decorative jade, it is also a gift. There are many types unearthed from the Hemudu site of the Liangzhu culture in the late Neolithic period. In the Shang Dynasty, there were jade birds, people, and people. The jade is a kind of bow-shaped arc-shaped jade. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the trivial shape is beautiful, such as the Spring and Autumn White Jade Dragon Pattern, the Warring States Huang Yulong.

The Nanshan Dushan jade in Henan Province was collected in the Western Han Dynasty. The land cultural relics confirmed that the Liaoning jade rock jade belongs to the main jade of the ornament. The Jinhan Yuyi of the Western Han Dynasty is made up of 2000 pieces of Xiuyan jade. The "Hanyu Horse" unearthed in Xianyang in the Han Dynasty is also a treasure. Today, the Han Dynasty ring-shaped jade dragon unearthed in Wuchang City, Anhui Province is connected with curls such as rings, diameter × thickness = 5 × 0.5cm, and jade walls of different sizes. The larger one has jade wall, diameter × thickness = 23 × 0.5 Cm, exquisite carving; tooth wall milky white, diameter × thickness = 9 × 0.5cm, delicate and cute.

Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty prevailed, and jade was mostly used to decorate Buddha statues. In the Tang Dynasty, "Yuxue Qionglin" was famous for its agate plate. In 1970, more than a thousand precious cultural relics of the Tang Dynasty were unearthed in Hejia Village of Shaanxi Province. Among them, the Naobei Cup is a valuable treasure (presented in the Shaanxi History Museum). The sauce is red, 6.5cm high and 15.6cm long. Make Chinese and foreign people fascinated.

The jade carving craft has reached a qualitative leap. There is a "Yuyuan" in the court. It has been shallowly ground and embossed. The founding father of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan, at the opening ceremony of the country, asked the "Jinshan Dayuhai" used by the group's wines to be a giant jade carving. It is made of Xinjiang Hetian monolithic jade, which has been carved for 5 years and weighs 1750kg. It can store more than 30 tons of wine. In addition to large jade carvings, there are many small and medium-sized jade carvings, such as the Yuan Dynasty Qingshi Yuhu Deer Eagle Pei. Fujian Shoushan Stone was used as a carved stone 1500 years ago. It was extensively mined in the Southern Song Dynasty and doubled in value to the Yuan Dynasty. It is the main material of jade carving.

In the late Ming Dynasty, Song Yingxing wrote "Tiangong Kaiwu", although there are Liangyu that gathers the capital, and the craftsmanship pushes Suzhou. Lu Zigang, the famous jade carving artist of Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty, was the most famous. He developed the "knife carving method and the "joining ring" production process, and created various jade carving crafts in which Yin and Yang embossing are integrated. It has been appreciated by the court, and it has been the imitation of the collectors. Treasures. The jade carving craft in the Qing Dynasty has reached its peak. The palace has a jade building office, supervising jade materials, and there are many jade articles in the court. The most representative "Dayu Governance Water Map Yushanzi" is the world's largest jade piece. One is the king of ancient jade carvings in China, with a height of 2.24 meters, a long length of centimeters and a weight of 8 tons. The small jade pieces are too numerous to enumerate, such as the sapphire of the Ming Dynasty, the jewels of the Qing Dynasty, and the folks. spread.

Jade carving is a unique skill of China. It has a long history of development and distinctive characteristics of the times. Different dynasties and jade carvings have different shapes and characteristics. In the domestic jade carving process, it is divided into different genres because of different historical and cultural backgrounds and regions. Jade is not cut, not a device!

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